Delirium is a clinical syndrome characterised by a sudden onset and fluctuating course of consciousness, attention, and perception. The prevalence of this condition is highest in patients who are critically ill. Delirium is categorised into three primary clinical subtypes: hypoactive, hyperactive, and mixed. Patients with hypoactive delirium typically present with lethargy, apathy, and decreased psychomotor activity, while patients with hyperactive delirium exhibit agitation, restlessness, and increased psychomotor activity. Despite its multifactorial aetiology, delirium is often caused by modifiable factors, including dehydration, hypoxia, serious illness, comorbidities, infections, surgical procedures, medications, and metabolic disorders. Elderly individuals who are hospitalised are at an elevated risk of developing delirium, a condition that arises from heightened vulnerability. In adult medical inpatients, worldwide, the prevalence of delirium ranges from 9% to 34%, and in intensive care units (ICUs), it has been reported to be as high as 88%. Delirium has been shown to contribute to the persistence of cognitive impairment in one-third of patients, prolonging hospital stay by 8-10 days and mechanical ventilator dependence by 2-5 days. It has also been demonstrated to increase healthcare expenditures and to triple six-month mortality rates.