Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) is commonly used in the treatment of malign and benign biliary pathologies. Certain complications after PTBD may occur, such as biliary fistula, biliary leakage, bilioma, and hematoma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of using a sterile gelatin sponge to seal the biliary tract after PTBD in patients with liver transplants to prevent complications. A total of 131 biliary drainages were introduced in 97 patients, and a sterile gelatin sponge was used to seal the biliary tract after removal of the biliary drainage catheter. The patients were immediately examined for complications using ultrasound and then followed up clinically unless imaging was required. Five fluid collections within the liver with a diameter <2 cm, consistent with hematoma or bilioma, were resolved spontaneously. No hematoma or bilioma required treatment, and no biliary leakage or fistula was detected. No complications related to the use of the sponge were observed. The use of a sterile gelatin sponge is a safe and effec-tive method for sealing the biliary tract to prevent complications after PTBD in patients with liver transplants.
